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Fencer Vulns
medium 6.8

CVE-2023-29389 json

Toyota RAV4 2021 vehicles automatically trust messages from other ECUs on a CAN bus, which allows physically proximate attackers to drive a…

published 2023-04-05 3 y ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2023-32961

cvss
6.8
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.7%
EPSS 0.7% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 51%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Toyota RAV4 2021 vehicles automatically trust messages from other ECUs on a CAN bus, which allows physically proximate attackers to drive a vehicle by accessing the control CAN bus after pulling the bumper away and reaching the headlight connector, and then sending forged "Key is validated" messages via CAN Injection, as exploited in the wild in (for example) July 2022.

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
20 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.66% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 51% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • kentindell.github.io https://kentindell.github.io/2023/04/03/can-injection/ referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CISA ADP 3.1 6.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD 3.1 6.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CNA 3.1 6.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-74 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.