Bypass of secure boot process

published 2025-06-28 16 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2023-32524

cvss: 5.2; version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev: Not listed; not in CISA's catalog
epss: 0.3%; EPSS 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 25%
public exploits: 0; none known

A logic flaw leading to a RAM buffer overflow in the bootloader component of the MIB3 infotainment unit allows an attacker with physical access to the MIB3 ECU to bypass firmware signature verification and run arbitrary code in the infotainment system at boot process.

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: Proof of concept is public
Automatable: no
Technical impact: partial
Assessed: 16 mo ago (2025-06-30)

Exploit prediction

0.32% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 25% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

i.blackhat.com https://i.blackhat.com/EU-24/Presentations/EU-24-Parnishchev-OverTheAirVW.pdf referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by	version	score	vector
CNA	3.1	5.2	CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

Affected products

Preh Car Connect GmbH (JOYNEXT GmbH) Volkswagen MIB3 infotainment system MIB3 OI MQB

Classification

Weakness

CWE-120 Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input

References

i.blackhat.com /EU-24/Presentations/EU-24-Parnishchev-OverTheAirVW.pdf
exploit
pcacybersecurity.com /resources/advisory/vulnerabilities-in-vw-mib3-infotainment-2
technical-description
asrg.io /security-advisories/vulnerabilities-in-volkswagen-mib3-infotainment-part-2/
third-party-advisory

Sources

CVE List CVE-2023-28904
NVD CVE-2023-28904

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

Summary