Skip to content
Fencer Vulns
medium 5.3

CVE-2023-28756 json

Ruby Time component ReDoS issue

published 2023-03-31 3 y ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also BIT-ruby-2023-28756 , BIT-ruby-min-2023-28756 , EUVD-2023-0999 , GHSA-fg7x-g82r-94qc , JLSEC-2026-1291

cvss
5.3
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
2.5%
EPSS 2.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 84%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

A ReDoS issue was discovered in the Time component through 0.2.1 in Ruby through 3.2.1. The Time parser mishandles invalid URLs that have specific characters. It causes an increase in execution time for parsing strings to Time objects. The fixed versions are 0.1.1 and 0.2.2.

Patch / fix

  • rubygems time 0.1.1, 0.2.2
  • bitnami ruby 2.7.8
  • bitnami ruby-min 2.7.8
  • jruby Debian 14, Debian 13 9.4.5.0+ds-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2023-28756

  • ruby2.5 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 2.5.1-1ubuntu1.16
  • ruby2.7 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 2.7.0-5ubuntu1.11
  • ruby3.0 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 3.0.2-7ubuntu2.4
  • ruby2.3 Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS 2.3.1-2~ubuntu16.04.16+esm7

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28756

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • ruby4.0 hummingbird 1 4.0.0-33.3.hum1
  • ruby4.0-libs hummingbird 1 4.0.0-33.3.hum1
  • ruby4.0-bundled-gems hummingbird 1 4.0.0-33.3.hum1
  • ruby4.0-default-gems hummingbird 1 4.0.0-33.3.hum1
  • ruby3.3 hummingbird 1 3.3.10-23.1.hum1
  • ruby3.3-libs hummingbird 1 3.3.10-23.1.hum1
  • ruby3.3-bundled-gems hummingbird 1 3.3.10-23.1.hum1
  • ruby3.3-default-gems hummingbird 1 3.3.10-23.1.hum1

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:8838RHSA-2026:7305RHSA-2026:7307RHSA-2024:1576RHSA-2024:1431RHSA-2023:7025

  • ruby2.5 SLES for SAP 15 SP3, SLES for SAP 15 SP2, SLES for SAP 15 SP1 +14 more 2.5.9-150000.4.29.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2023:4176-1

  • ruby AlmaLinux 9 3.0.7-162.el9_4
  • rubygems AlmaLinux 9 3.2.33-162.el9_4
  • ruby-libs AlmaLinux 9 3.0.7-162.el9_4
  • rubygem-irb AlmaLinux 9 1.3.5-162.el9_4
  • rubygem-rbs AlmaLinux 9 1.4.0-162.el9_4
  • rubygem-rss AlmaLinux 9 0.2.9-162.el9_4
  • rubygem-json AlmaLinux 9 2.5.1-162.el9_4
  • rubygem-rake AlmaLinux 9 13.0.3-162.el9_4

almalinux advisories ALSA-2024:3838ALSA-2024:3500ALSA-2024:1576ALSA-2024:1431ALSA-2023:7025ALSA-2023:3821

  • ruby Rocky Linux 8 2.5.9-111.module+el8.9.0+1536+5f79634e
  • rubygem-pg Rocky Linux 8 1.0.0-3.module+el8.9.0+1536+5f79634e
  • rubygem-abrt Rocky Linux 8 0.3.0-4.module+el8.9.0+1536+5f79634e
  • rubygem-abrt Rocky Linux 8 0.3.0-4.module+el8.5.0+738+032c9c02
  • rubygem-bson Rocky Linux 8 4.3.0-2.module+el8.9.0+1536+5f79634e
  • rubygem-mongo Rocky Linux 8 2.5.1-2.module+el8.9.0+1536+5f79634e
  • rubygem-mysql2 Rocky Linux 8 0.4.10-4.module+el8.9.0+1536+5f79634e
  • rubygem-bundler Rocky Linux 8 1.16.1-4.module+el8.9.0+1536+5f79634e

rocky linux advisories RLSA-2023:7025RLSA-2024:1576RLSA-2024:1431RLSA-2023:3821

  • ruby Alpine 3.14 2.7.8-r0
  • ruby Alpine 3.15 3.0.6-r0
  • ruby Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23, Alpine 3.22 +6 more 3.1.4-r0

alpine advisories ALPINE-CVE-2023-28756

Alpine secdb © Alpine Linux, from https://secdb.alpinelinux.org via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2023-28756 updated cvss 5.3

ruby: ReDoS vulnerability in Time

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 ruby, ruby-ri, ruby-irb, ruby-libs, ruby-rdoc, ruby-tcltk
    affected: no fix planned “Out of support scope”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 ruby, ruby-irb, rubygems, ruby-libs, ruby-tcltk, rubygem-json, +6 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 ruby, ruby-irb, rubygems, ruby-libs, rubygem-pg, rubygem-irb, +25 more Red Hat Software Collections rh-ruby30-ruby, rh-ruby30-rubygems, rh-ruby30-ruby-libs, rh-ruby30-rubygem-irb, rh-ruby30-rubygem-rbs, rh-ruby30-rubygem-rss, +12 more
    affected: no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) ruby 2.5.9-111.module+el8.9.0+19193+435404ae, ruby 2.7.8-139.module+el8.8.0+18745+f1bef313, ruby 3.1.4-142.module+el8.9.0+21471+7d1e4a35, ruby 3.0.7-143.module+el8.10.0+21858+d19f3934, rubygem-pg 1.2.3-1.module+el8.3.0+7192+4e3a532a, ruby-irb 2.5.9-111.module+el8.9.0+19193+435404ae, +85 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:3500
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) ruby 3.0.7-162.el9_4, ruby-libs 3.0.7-162.el9_4, rubygems 3.2.33-162.el9_4, rubygem-irb 1.3.5-162.el9_4, rubygem-rbs 1.4.0-162.el9_4, rubygem-rss 0.2.9-162.el9_4, +35 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:1576
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 9) ruby-doc 3.0.7-162.el9_4
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:3838
  • Red Hat Hardened Images ruby3.4 3.4.8-31.1.hum1, ruby4.0 4.0.0-33.3.hum1, ruby3.3 3.3.10-23.1.hum1, ruby3.4-libs 3.4.8-31.1.hum1, ruby4.0-libs 4.0.0-33.3.hum1, ruby3.3-libs 3.3.10-23.1.hum1, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:7305
  • Red Hat Software Collections for RHEL Workstation(v. 7) rh-ruby27-ruby 2.7.8-132.el7, rh-ruby27-rubygems 3.1.6-132.el7, rh-ruby27-ruby-libs 2.7.8-132.el7, rh-ruby27-rubygem-irb 1.2.6-132.el7, rh-ruby27-rubygem-json 2.3.0-132.el7, rh-ruby27-rubygem-psych 3.1.0-132.el7, +13 more Red Hat Software Collections for RHEL(v. 7) rh-ruby27-ruby 2.7.8-132.el7, rh-ruby27-rubygems 3.1.6-132.el7, rh-ruby27-ruby-libs 2.7.8-132.el7, rh-ruby27-rubygem-irb 1.2.6-132.el7, rh-ruby27-rubygem-json 2.3.0-132.el7, rh-ruby27-rubygem-psych 3.1.0-132.el7, +13 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3291
  • Red Hat Hardened Images rubygem3.3-rbs 3.4.0-23.1.hum1, rubygem3.3-rss 0.3.1-23.1.hum1, rubygem3.4-rbs 3.8.0-31.1.hum1, rubygem3.4-rss 0.3.1-31.1.hum1, rubygem4.0-rss 0.3.2-33.3.hum1, rubygem3.3-irb 1.13.1-23.1.hum1, +45 more
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
2 y ago

Exploit prediction

2.45% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 84% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
GitHub 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
NVD 3.1 5.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
OSV 3.1 5.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
rubygems time
>=0.2.0, <0.2.2
<0.1.1
0.2.2
0.1.1
bitnami ruby
<2.7.8
2.7.8
bitnami ruby-min
<2.7.8
2.7.8
julia ruby_jll
all versions
 no fix listed

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-1333 Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.