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Fencer Vulns
high 7.5

CVE-2023-1370 json

Stack exhaustion in json-smart leads to denial of service when parsing malformed JSON

published 2023-03-13 3 y ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also GHSA-493p-pfq6-5258 , EUVD-2023-0861

cvss
7.5
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
1.1%
EPSS 1.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 66%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

[Json-smart](https://netplex.github.io/json-smart/) is a performance focused, JSON processor lib.

When reaching a ‘[‘ or ‘{‘ character in the JSON input, the code parses an array or an object respectively.

It was discovered that the code does not have any limit to the nesting of such arrays or objects. Since the parsing of nested arrays and objects is done recursively, nesting too many of them can cause a stack exhaustion (stack overflow) and crash the software.

Patch / fix

  • maven net.minidev:json-smart 2.4.9
  • json-smart json-smart 2.4.9
  • json-smart Debian 12 2.2-2+deb12u1
  • json-smart Debian 14, Debian 13 2.2-3

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2023-1370

  • json-smart Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 2.2-2ubuntu0.18.04.1
  • json-smart Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 2.2-2ubuntu0.20.04.1
  • json-smart Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 2.2-2ubuntu0.22.04.1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2023-1370

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • jenkins ocp tools 4.11 2.401.1.1686831596-3.el8
  • jenkins-2-plugins ocp tools 4.11 4.11.1686831822-1.el8
  • jenkins ocp tools 4.13 2.401.1.1686680404-3.el8
  • jenkins-2-plugins ocp tools 4.13 4.13.1686680473-1.el8
  • jenkins ocp tools 4.12 2.401.1.1686649641-3.el8
  • jenkins-2-plugins ocp tools 4.12 4.12.1686649756-1.el8
  • jenkins-2-plugins openshift 4.10 4.10.1684982411-1.el8

red hat advisories RHSA-2023:3663RHSA-2023:3622RHSA-2023:3610RHSA-2023:3362

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2023-1370 updated cvss 7.5

json-smart: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in json-smart (Resource Exhaustion)

  • Red Hat A-MQ Clients 2 json-smart Red Hat AMQ Broker 7 json-smart Red Hat build of Debezium 1 json-smart Red Hat Data Grid 8 json-smart
    affected: no fix available
  • Red Hat Decision Manager 7 json-smart
    affected: no fix planned “Out of support scope”
  • Red Hat Integration Camel Quarkus 2 json-smart
    affected: no fix available
  • Red Hat JBoss Data Grid 7 json-smart Red Hat JBoss Fuse 6 json-smart Red Hat JBoss Fuse Service Works 6 json-smart
    affected: no fix planned “Out of support scope”
  • Red Hat OpenShift Application Runtimes json-smart
    affected: no fix available
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 3.11 jenkins-2-plugins
    affected: no fix planned “Out of support scope”
  • Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces devspaces/pluginregistry-rhel8 Red Hat Process Automation 7 json-smart Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka json-smart
    affected: no fix available
  • Red Hat CEQ 2.7.1-1
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3193
show 16 more
  • Red Hat CEQ 2.13.2-2
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3179
  • Red Hat OpenShift Developer Tools and Services for OCP 4.11 for RHEL 8 jenkins-2-plugins 4.11.1686831822-1.el8
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3663
  • Red Hat OpenShift Developer Tools and Services for OCP 4.12 jenkins-2-plugins 4.12.1686649756-1.el8
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3610
  • Red Hat OpenShift Developer Tools and Services for OCP 4.13 jenkins 2.401.1.1686680404-3.el8
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3622
  • Red Hat AMQ Clients
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:7697
  • Red Hat AMQ Streams 2.4.0
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3223
  • Red Hat AMQ Streams 2.7.0
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:3527
  • Red Hat Fuse 7.12
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3954
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.10 jenkins-2-plugins 4.10.1684982411-1.el8
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3362
  • Red Hat RHINT Camel-K-1.10.1
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3906
  • Red Hat RHINT Camel-Springboot 3.18.3.P1
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:2099
  • Red Hat RHINT Camel-Springboot 3.18.3.P2
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:3641
  • Red Hat RHINT Camel-Springboot 3.20.1
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:2100
  • Red Hat Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.1
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:9922
  • Red Hat Streams for Apache Kafka 3.0.0
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12511
  • Red Hat Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift openshift-logging/elasticsearch6-rhel8 Red Hat OpenShift Developer Tools and Services for OCP 4.11 for RHEL 8 jenkins 2.401.1.1686831596-3.el8 Red Hat OpenShift Developer Tools and Services for OCP 4.12 jenkins 2.401.1.1686649641-3.el8 Red Hat OpenShift Developer Tools and Services for OCP 4.13 jenkins-2-plugins 4.13.1686680473-1.el8 Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 6 json-smart Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 json-smart
    +4 more products
    Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 json-smart Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack json-smart Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.10 cri-o 1.23.5-15.rhaos4.10.git0bbb0d9.el7, cri-o 1.23.5-15.rhaos4.10.git0bbb0d9.el8, python-sushy 4.1.6-0.20230517173625.5490eb6.el8, python3-sushy 4.1.6-0.20230517173625.5490eb6.el8, python3-sushy-tests 4.1.6-0.20230517173625.5490eb6.el8 Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 json-smart
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

1 more not affected in the full advisory

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
20 mo ago

Exploit prediction

1.12% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 66% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • research.jfrog.com https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/stack-exhaustion-in-json-smart-leads-to-denial-of-service-when-parsing-malformed-json-xray-427633/ referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
NVD 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
GitHub 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven net.minidev:json-smart
<2.4.9
2.4.9

Affected products

  • json-smart json-smart

Classification

Weakness

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.