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Fencer Vulns
critical 9.8

CVE-2021-41170 json

Evaluation of closures can lead to execution of methods & functions in current program scope

published 2021-11-08 5 y ago modified 2026-07-08 4 mo ago also GHSA-3v56-q6r6-4gcw , EUVD-2021-2287

cvss
9.8
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
1.6%
EPSS 1.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 75%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

neoan3-apps/template is a neoan3 minimal template engine. Versions prior to 1.1.1 have allowed for passing in closures directly into the template engine. As a result values that are callable are executed by the template engine. The issue arises if a value has the same name as a method or function in scope and can therefore be executed either by mistake or maliciously. In theory all users of the package are affected as long as they either deal with direct user input or database values. A multi-step attack on is therefore plausible. Version 1.1.1 has addressed this vulnerability. Unfortunately only working with hardcoded values is safe in prior versions. As this likely defeats the purpose of a template engine, please upgrade.

Patch / fix

  • packagist neoan3-apps/template 1.1.1
  • neoan neoan3-template 1.1.1

Exploit prediction

1.58% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 75% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD 2.0 7.5 AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
GitHub 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
packagist neoan3-apps/template
<1.1.1
1.1.1

Affected products

  • sroehrl neoan3-template

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-277 Insecure Inherited Permissions
  • CWE-74 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component
  • CWE-732 Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.