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Fencer Vulns
high 7.8

CVE-2018-18445 json

In the Linux kernel 4.14.x, 4.15.x, 4.16.x, 4.17.x, and 4.18.x before 4.18.13, faulty computation of numeric bounds in the BPF verifier per…

published 2018-10-17 8 y ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2018-10173

cvss
7.8
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 45%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

In the Linux kernel 4.14.x, 4.15.x, 4.16.x, 4.17.x, and 4.18.x before 4.18.13, faulty computation of numeric bounds in the BPF verifier permits out-of-bounds memory accesses because adjust_scalar_min_max_vals in kernel/bpf/verifier.c mishandles 32-bit right shifts.

Patch / fix

  • linux linux_kernel 4.14.75, 4.18.13
  • linux Debian 14, Debian 13, Debian 12 4.18.20-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2018-18445

  • linux Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 4.15.0-43.46
  • linux-aws Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 4.15.0-1031.33
  • linux-gcp Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 4.15.0-1026.27~16.04.1
  • linux-gcp Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 4.15.0-1026.27
  • linux-hwe Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 4.15.0-43.46~16.04.1
  • linux-kvm Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 4.15.0-1028.28
  • linux-oem Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 4.15.0-1030.35
  • linux-azure Ubuntu 14.04 LTS 4.15.0-1036.38~14.04.2

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2018-18445

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • kernel-rt RHEL 7 EXTRAS_RT 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7
  • kernel-rt-kvm RHEL 7 EXTRAS_RT 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7
  • kernel-rt-trace RHEL 7 EXTRAS_RT 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7
  • kernel-rt-debug-kvm RHEL 7 EXTRAS_RT 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7
  • kernel-rt-trace-kvm RHEL 7 EXTRAS_RT 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7
  • kernel-rt-debuginfo-common-x86_64 RHEL 7 EXTRAS_RT 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7
  • kernel RHEL 7 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7
  • perf RHEL 7 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7

red hat advisories RHSA-2019:0514RHSA-2019:0512

  • kernel-syms SLES for SAP 12 SP4, SLES 12 SP4, SLED 12 SP4 4.12.14-95.3.1
  • kernel-source SLES for SAP 12 SP4, SLES 12 SP4, SLED 12 SP4 4.12.14-95.3.1
  • kernel-default SLES for SAP 12 SP4, SLES 12 SP4, SLED 12 SP4 +2 more 4.12.14-95.3.1
  • kernel-obs-build SLE Software Development Kit 12 SP4 4.12.14-95.3.2
  • kernel-azure SLE Module for Public Cloud 15 4.12.14-5.16.1
  • kernel-syms-azure SLE Module for Public Cloud 15 4.12.14-5.16.1
  • kernel-source-azure SLE Module for Public Cloud 15 4.12.14-5.16.1
  • kernel-azure SLES for SAP 12 SP4, SLES 12 SP4 4.12.14-6.3.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2018:4069-1SUSE-SU-2018:4072-1SUSE-SU-2018:3961-1SUSE-SU-2018:3934-1SUSE-SU-2018:3589-1SUSE-SU-2018:3593-1

  • linux Arch Linux 4.18.13.arch1-1
  • linux-lts Arch Linux 4.14.75-1

arch linux advisories AVG-784AVG-801

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2018-18445 updated cvss 4.7

kernel: Faulty computation of numberic bounds in the BPF verifier

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client (v. 7) perf 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, bpftool 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, python-perf 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel-tools 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel-tools-libs 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, +2 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client Optional (v. 7) kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7 Red Hat Enterprise Linux ComputeNode (v. 7) perf 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, bpftool 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, python-perf 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel-tools 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel-tools-libs 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, +2 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux ComputeNode Optional (v. 7) kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2019:0512
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux for Real Time for NFV (v. 7) kernel-rt 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7, kernel-rt-kvm 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7, kernel-rt-trace 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7, kernel-rt-debug-kvm 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7, kernel-rt-trace-kvm 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7, kernel-rt-debuginfo-common-x86_64 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Realtime (v. 7) kernel-rt 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7, kernel-rt-trace 3.10.0-957.10.1.rt56.921.el7
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2019:0514
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7) perf 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, bpftool 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, python-perf 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel-kdump 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel-tools 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, +7 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7) kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation (v. 7) perf 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, bpftool 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, python-perf 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel-tools 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, kernel-tools-libs 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7, +2 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation Optional (v. 7) kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 3.10.0-957.10.1.el7
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2019:0512
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 kernel Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 perf, kernel, python-perf, kernel-kdump, kernel-firmware, kernel-bootwrapper, +1 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 perf, kernel, kernel-alt, python-perf, kernel-kdump, kernel-tools, +3 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, kernel-core, kernel-tools, +29 more Red Hat Enterprise MRG 2 kernel-rt, mrg-rt-release, kernel-rt-trace, kernel-rt-vanilla, kernel-rt-firmware
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

Exploit prediction

0.54% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 45% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
NVD 3.1 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD 2.0 7.2 AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C

Classification

Weakness
Technology feeds

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.